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## Utilities

### Iterator Archetypes

The `iterator_archetype` class constructs a minimal implementation of one of the iterator access concepts and one of the iterator traversal concepts. This is used for doing a compile-time check to see if a the type requirements of a template are really enough to cover the implementation of the template. For further information see the documentation for the |concepts|_ library.

### Synopsis

    namespace iterator_archetypes
    {
        // Access categories

        typedef /*implementation  defined*/ readable_iterator_t;
        typedef /*implementation  defined*/ writable_iterator_t;
        typedef /*implementation  defined*/ readable_writable_iterator_t;
        typedef /*implementation  defined*/ readable_lvalue_iterator_t;
        typedef /*implementation  defined*/ writable_lvalue_iterator_t;

    }

    template <
        class Value
      , class AccessCategory
      , class TraversalCategory
    >
    class iterator_archetype
    {
        typedef /* see below */ value_type;
        typedef /* see below */ reference;
        typedef /* see below */ pointer;
        typedef /* see below */ difference_type;
        typedef /* see below */ iterator_category;
    };

#### Access Category Tags

The access category types provided correspond to the following standard iterator access concept combinations:

    readable_iterator_t :=

      Readable Iterator

    writable_iterator_t :=

      Writeable Iterator

    readable_writable_iterator_t :=

      Readable Iterator & Writeable Iterator & Swappable Iterator

    readable_lvalue_iterator_t :=

      Readable Iterator & Lvalue Iterator

    writeable_lvalue_iterator_t :=

      Readable Iterator & Writeable Iterator & Swappable Iterator & Lvalue Iterator

#### Traits

The nested trait types are defined as follows:

    if (AccessCategory == readable_iterator_t)

      value_type = Value
      reference  = Value
      pointer    = Value*

    else if (AccessCategory == writable_iterator_t)

      value_type = void
      reference  = void
      pointer    = void

    else if (AccessCategory == readable_writable_iterator_t)

      value_type = Value

      reference :=

        A type X that is convertible to Value for which the following
        expression is valid. Given an object x of type X and v of type
        Value.

        x = v

      pointer    = Value*

    else if (AccessCategory == readable_lvalue_iterator_t)

      value_type = Value
      reference  = Value const&
      pointer    = Value const*

    else if (AccessCategory == writable_lvalue_iterator_t)

      value_type = Value
      reference  = Value&
      pointer    = Value*

    if ( TraversalCategory is convertible to forward_traversal_tag )

      difference_type := ptrdiff_t

    else

      difference_type := unspecified type

    iterator_category :=

      A type X satisfying the following two constraints:

         1. X is convertible to X1, and not to any more-derived
            type, where X1 is defined by:

              if (reference is a reference type
                  && TraversalCategory is convertible to forward_traversal_tag)
              {
                  if (TraversalCategory is convertible to random_access_traversal_tag)
                      X1 = random_access_iterator_tag
                  else if (TraversalCategory is convertible to bidirectional_traversal_tag)
                      X1 = bidirectional_iterator_tag
                  else
                      X1 = forward_iterator_tag
              }
              else
              {
                  if (TraversalCategory is convertible to single_pass_traversal_tag
                      && reference != void)
                      X1 = input_iterator_tag
                  else
                      X1 = output_iterator_tag
              }

         2. X is convertible to TraversalCategory

### Requirements

The `AccessCategory` argument must be one of the predefined access category tags. The `TraversalCategory` must be one of the standard traversal tags. The `Value` type must satisfy the requirements of the iterator concept specified by `AccessCategory` and `TraversalCategory` as implied by the nested traits types.

### Concepts

`iterator_archetype` models the iterator concepts specified by the `AccessCategory` and `TraversalCategory` arguments. `iterator_archetype` does not model any other access concepts or any more derived traversal concepts.