// Copyright (C) 2000 Stephen Cleary (shammah@voyager.net)
//
// This file can be redistributed and/or modified under the terms found
//  in "copyright.html"
// This software and its documentation is provided "as is" without express or
//  implied warranty, and with no claim as to its suitability for any purpose.
//
// See http://www.boost.org for updates, documentation, and revision history.

#ifndef BOOST_POOL_SINGLETON_HPP
#define BOOST_POOL_SINGLETON_HPP

// The following code might be put into some Boost.Config header in a later revision
#ifdef __BORLANDC__
# pragma option push -w-inl
#endif

//
// The following helper classes are placeholders for a generic "singleton"
//  class.  The classes below support usage of singletons, including use in
//  program startup/shutdown code, AS LONG AS there is only one thread
//  running before main() begins, and only one thread running after main()
//  exits.
//
// This class is also limited in that it can only provide singleton usage for
//  classes with default constructors.
//

// The design of this class is somewhat twisted, but can be followed by the
//  calling inheritance.  Let us assume that there is some user code that
//  calls "singleton_default<T>::instance()".  The following (convoluted)
//  sequence ensures that the same function will be called before main():
//    instance() contains a call to create_object.do_nothing()
//    Thus, object_creator is implicitly instantiated, and create_object
//      must exist.
//    Since create_object is a static member, its constructor must be
//      called before main().
//    The constructor contains a call to instance(), thus ensuring that
//      instance() will be called before main().
//    The first time instance() is called (i.e., before main()) is the
//      latest point in program execution where the object of type T
//      can be created.
//    Thus, any call to instance() will auto-magically result in a call to
//      instance() before main(), unless already present.
//  Furthermore, since the instance() function contains the object, instead
//  of the singleton_default class containing a static instance of the
//  object, that object is guaranteed to be constructed (at the latest) in
//  the first call to instance().  This permits calls to instance() from
//  static code, even if that code is called before the file-scope objects
//  in this file have been initialized.

namespace boost {

namespace details {
namespace pool {

// T must be: no-throw default constructible and no-throw destructible
template <typename T>
struct singleton_default
{
  private:
    struct object_creator
    {
      // This constructor does nothing more than ensure that instance()
      //  is called before main() begins, thus creating the static
      //  T object before multithreading race issues can come up.
      object_creator() { singleton_default<T>::instance(); }
      inline void do_nothing() const { }
    };
    static object_creator create_object;

    singleton_default();

  public:
    typedef T object_type;

    // If, at any point (in user code), singleton_default<T>::instance()
    //  is called, then the following function is instantiated.
    static object_type & instance()
    {
      // This is the object that we return a reference to.
      // It is guaranteed to be created before main() begins because of
      //  the next line.
      static object_type obj;

      // The following line does nothing else than force the instantiation
      //  of singleton_default<T>::create_object, whose constructor is
      //  called before main() begins.
      create_object.do_nothing();

      return obj;
    }
};
template <typename T>
typename singleton_default<T>::object_creator
singleton_default<T>::create_object;

} // namespace pool
} // namespace details

} // namespace boost

// The following code might be put into some Boost.Config header in a later revision
#ifdef __BORLANDC__
# pragma option pop
#endif

#endif
